Day 02 - A Journey Through Time: Exploring Sardis, Colossae, and Hierapolis

Our day began with a sense of anticipation as we set out to explore some of the most historically rich sites in Turkey.

Sardis: The Capital of Ancient Lydia

Our first stop was Sardis, once the thriving capital of the Lydian Empire. This city was a hub of wealth and innovation, famously ruled by King Croesus, whose riches were so legendary that the phrase “rich as Croesus” still resonates today. The Pactolus River, flowing nearby, was said to carry gold dust, which locals collected using sheepskin—a practice that possibly inspired the myth of the Golden Fleece.

Sardis is also notable for minting some of the world’s first coins, featuring the head of a lion. The city’s strategic location made it a target for conquest; it fell to the Persians in the mid-6th century BCE and later experienced a significant earthquake in 17CE, after which Emperor Tiberius provided aid for its reconstruction.

We visited the impressive Temple of Artemis, which, unlike other temples of its time, faces west. Adjacent to the temple is a small church, considered one of the earliest known Christian worship sites in the area. The nearby gymnasium complex, restored between 1963 and 1974, showcases the grandeur of Roman architecture and includes the largest synagogue discovered outside of Israel. This synagogue stands as a testament to the diverse religious tapestry of ancient Sardis.

Colossae: Echoes of a Once-Great City

Next, we journeyed to Colossae, a city that once flourished along a major trade route in the Lycus River Valley. Although little remains today, Colossae holds significant historical and religious importance. It is the recipient of the Apostle Paul’s Epistle to the Colossians, and tradition holds that Epaphras, a follower of Paul, established the Christian community here.

A notable site is the Church of St. Michael, associated with legends of the Archangel Michael protecting the city from destruction. While the physical remnants are sparse, the spiritual legacy of Colossae endures.

Hierapolis: The Sacred City

Our final destination was Hierapolis, aptly named “Holy City.” Perched above the stunning white terraces of Pamukkale, Hierapolis was renowned for its thermal springs, which were believed to possess healing properties.

We explored the vast theater, capable of seating up to 12,000 spectators, and marveled at the intricate carvings that have withstood the test of time. A poignant moment was visiting the tomb of Philip the Apostle, who, according to tradition, was martyred here. The path leading to his tomb is lined with ancient ruins, offering a reflective journey through early Christian history.

Before concluding our day, we indulged in the thermal pools of Pamukkale. Walking barefoot across the travertine terraces, we felt the warm, mineral-rich waters—a serene experience that connected us to centuries of pilgrims who sought healing in these very springs.

We ended our journey at the Lydia Sardes Thermal Hotel, where a delightful buffet awaited us, complete with an array of delectable desserts. It was the perfect culmination to a day steeped in history, culture, and spiritual reflection.

- Jenn Gordon